Sodiyumu hidride CAS 7646-69-7
Ibisobanuro by'igicuruzwa
Izina ry'igicuruzwa: Sodium hydride
CAS: 7646-69-7
MF: NaH
MW:24
EINECS: 231-587-3
Aho gushonga: 800 °C (Ukuboza) (umucyo)
ubucucike: 1.2
Ubushyuhe bwo kubika: Bika munsi ya +30°C.
Gushonga: Bishobora gushonga muri sodiyumu ishongeshejwe. Ntibishobora gushonga muri amoniya, benzene, tetrachloride ya karuboni, disulfide ya karuboni n'ibindi byose bishongeshejwe.
Ibara: Umweru kugeza ku ibara ry'ikijuju cyerurutse.
Imiterere y'ibicuruzwa
Hydride ya sodiyumu igizwe na kristu za ioni, umunyu aho hydrogen ari iyoni za monovalent. Iyo ishyushye, ntihindagurika, irashonga idashonga, irahinduka hidrolisisi ya hydride ya sodiyumu hamwe n'amazi kugira ngo itegure hydroxide ya sodiyumu na hydrogen.
Hyride ya sodiyumu yuzuye ni kristu zimeze nk'urushinge rw'ifeza, ibicuruzwa bya sodiyumu hydride biboneka mu bucuruzi akenshi biba ari ifu y'umukara wijimye, igipimo cya sodiyumu hydride ni 25% kugeza 50% ikwirakwijwe mu mavuta. Ubucucike ni 0.92. Hyride ya sodiyumu ni imiterere y'umunyu wa kristu (lattice constant a = 0.488nm), kandi nka hydride ya lithiyumu muri kristu ya ioni, iyoni ya hydrogeni iba mu ishusho ya aniyumu. Ubushyuhe bwo kubaho ni 69.5kJ · mol-1, ku bushyuhe bwinshi bwa 800 ℃, irabora ikaba sodiyumu na hydrogeni by'icyuma; irabora cyane mu mazi; igira ingaruka zikomeye hamwe na alkoholi nke; ishonga muri sodiyumu ishongeshejwe na hydride ya sodiyumu ishongeshejwe; ntishongeshwa muri ammonia y'amazi, benzene, tetrachloride ya karuboni na disulfide ya karuboni.
Ibara ry'umukara. Hydride ya sodiyumu yuzuye ikora utwuma duto tudafite ibara; icyakora, ibicuruzwa bicuruzwa birimo uduce twa sodiyumu, bigatuma igira ibara ryoroheje ry'umukara. Iyo ishyushye mu kirere, sodiyumu hidride ihinduka buhoro buhoro hidrojeni iri hejuru ya 300 ℃. Iyo ishyushye ku bushyuhe bwa 420 ℃ irashonga vuba ariko ntishonga. Hydride ya sodiyumu ni umunyu bityo ntishobora gushonga mu bintu bidafite umwimerere. Ishonga mu mvange ya sodiyumu ishongeshejwe, mu mvange ya sodiyumu - potasiyumu no mu mvange ya LiCl - KCl eutectic (352 ℃). Hydride ya sodiyumu irahamye mu mwuka wumye ariko irashya hejuru ya 230 ℃, igashya kugira ngo ikore okiside ya sodiyumu. Irashya vuba mu mwuka utose kandi nk'ifu yumye ihita ishya. Hydride ya sodiyumu ikorana n'amazi cyane, ubushyuhe bwa hidrolisiyumu buhagije kugira ngo ishyushye hidrojeni yakuwemo. Ikorana na dioxyde ya karuboni kugira ngo ikore sodiyumu.
Porogaramu
Sodium hydride ishobora gukoreshwa mu gushonga no gukora alkylation kandi ishobora gukoreshwa nk'umusemburo wa polymerization, ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoze mu nganda zihumura neza, ikoreshwa mu gukora boron hydride, ikoreshwa nk'icyuma cyangiritse, igabanya ubushyuhe, ikoreshwa mu gushonga, ikoreshwa mu gusukura no mu gukora Clay Johnson's reagents.
Ikoreshwa nk'ikintu gifasha mu gushonga, ikintu gifasha mu gushonga no kugabanya ubushyuhe, nibindi. Ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kugabanya ubushyuhe mu by'imiti, imibavu, amarangi, ariko nanone nk'ikintu cyumisha, ikintu gifasha mu gushonga, nibindi.
Mu bushyuhe buke aho kugabanya imiterere ya sodium bidakenewe nko mu gushonga kwa ketone na aldehydes hamwe na aside esters; mu gisubizo hamwe na sodium hydroxide ishongeshejwe kugira ngo igabanye urugero rwa oxyde ku byuma; mu bushyuhe bwinshi nk'ikintu kigabanya imiterere ya sodium kandi kikaba ari cyo gitera imbaraga zo kugabanya imiterere ya sodium.
Sodium hydride ikoreshwa mu kongera uburyo ibintu bya karuboni bihuzwa n’umwuka binyuze mu gushonga kwa Dieckmann, gushonga kwa Stobbe, gushonga kwa Darzens na gushonga kwa Claisen. Ikora nk'ikintu gifasha mu gutegura diborane iva muri boron trifluoride. Ikoreshwa kandi mu modoka zitwara lisansi. Byongeye kandi, ikoreshwa mu kumisha bimwe mu bintu bisukura ibinyabuzima. Uretse ibi, igira uruhare mu gutegura sulfure ylides, ikoreshwa mu guhindura ketone mo epoxides.
Gupakira no Kubika
Gupakira: 100g/agacupa k'ibati; 500g/agacupa k'ibati; 1kg kuri buri gacupa k'ibati; 20kg kuri buri ngoma y'icyuma
Kubika: Bishobora kubikwa mu macupa y'icyuma afite igipfundikizo cyo hanze kugira ngo birindwe, cyangwa mu macupa y'icyuma kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kwa mashini. Bika ahantu hatandukanye, hakonje, humutse kandi hafite umwuka mwiza, kandi wirinde cyane ubushuhe. Inyubako zigomba kuba zifite umwuka mwiza kandi zidafite umwuka mwinshi mu nyubako.
Amakuru yerekeye ubwikorezi
Nimero ya Loni: 1427
Icyiciro cya Hazard: 4.3
Itsinda ry'Ibikoresho: I
KODE Y'UBWIZA: 28500090
Ibisobanuro
| Izina ry'igicuruzwa | Sodiyumu hidride | |
| Nimero ya CAS | 7646-69-7 | |
| Ibintu | Igisanzwe | Ibisubizo |
| Isura | Uduce duto tw'ifeza y'umukara | Bihuza |
| Isuzuma | ≥60% | Bihuza |
| Ingano ya hydrogen ikora | ≥96% | Bihuza |
| Umwanzuro | Bijyanye n'amahame y'ikigo | |
